1. The different types of sugar
Sugars are an integral part of our diet and occur naturally in many foods, such as fruit, vegetables and dairy products. However, they are also added to many processed foods and are often consumed in excess. Sugars can be divided into three distinct categories: refined sugars, natural sugars and sugar substitutes.
- Refined sugars
Refined sugars, also known as added sugars, are extracted from sources such as sugar cane and sugar beet. They undergo a refining process that involves removing all natural components such as minerals, vitamins and fibre, leaving only the empty calories of pure sugar. Refined sugars are often used in processed foods such as soft drinks, candies and pastries.
- Natural sugars
Natural sugars, on the other hand, occur naturally in foods and are considered healthier choices because of their nutrient content. For example, fruit contains fructose, which is a natural sugar, and milk contains lactose. Natural sugars are often associated with higher fibre and nutrient content, which can help maintain a balanced diet.
- Sugar substitutes
Sugar substitutes are artificial or natural sweeteners that are used to replace refined sugar in foods and drinks. They are often used by health- and weight-conscious people, as well as by people with diabetes who need to control their blood sugar. Common artificial sweeteners include aspartame, sucralose and cyclamate, while natural sweeteners include xylitol, stevia and agave syrup.
To sum up, excessive consumption of added sugars can contribute to health problems such as obesity, diabetes and heart disease. Natural sugars, on the other hand, can be included in a balanced diet because of their nutrient content, but their consumption should be controlled. Sugar substitutes can be a useful alternative for health-conscious people, but their consumption should also be moderate.